Seven Generational Ruminations

Hybrid electric vehicles

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September 6, 2005 - 9:26pm — David Herron

There's a lot of fuss being made over "hybrid" vehicles these last couple of years. The public seems to think that there's something new about this kind of drive system, or something dangerous, etc. Yes, it's "new" or different to the mindset of most people who are accustomed to pure internal combustion engines (ICE), but hybrid drive trains are hardly new. Diesel locomotives are, for example, an example of a hybrid drive train, as the diesel engine does not cause the wheels to spin, but instead generates electricity that turns electric motors that then cause the wheels to spin.

There are two kinds of hybrid drive trains:

Serial hybrid: The thing which turns the wheel is an electric motor, and the gasoline engine is used purely to generate electricity.
Parallel hybrid: Both the electric motor and gasoline engine can cause the wheels to turn.

These "new" hybrid cars are all of the parallel design pattern. Not a one, so far, is of the serial design pattern even though that would be a much simpler vehicle to design and build. A simple-and-obious-to-construct serial hybrid vehicle would be an otherwise pure electric car, and carry a portable generator. When the batteries run low, fire up the portable generator and make some electricity. You could recharge the battery pack from the power grid, or from the generator, your choice. This could turn a limited range electric vehicle into one that could drive long distances. However there are several steps of converting power (e.g. mechanical to electrical, and AC to DC). Each conversion step involves some lossage, and maybe this isn't the most efficient use of fuel.

The automakers are also working with a third type of hybrid, that they call "mild hybrid". I haven't found a good definition for this yet.

One last point before we get to the vehicles.

It's not electric unless you can plug it in.

That is, many people seem to think the hybrid-electric vehicles on the market now are electric. Well, honestly, are they? None of them let you plug the car in to charge the batteries, none of them drive for any significant distance on pure electric, so how can one honestly think of them as an electric vehicle? The electricity used in the electric motor, in all of these vehicles, comes from gasoline burned in the gas engine. These are not electric vehicles, despite the presence of that electric motor.

News articles

[May. 11, 2004; Wired News; John Gartner; wired.com/news/autotech/0,2554,63413-2,00.html] Hybrid Mileage Comes Up Short

Hybrid cars are hot, but not as hot as their owners, who complain that their gas mileage hasn't come close to well-advertised estimates.

Don't knock the car companies for inflated claims: Experts say the blame lies with the 19-year-old EPA fuel-efficiency test that overstates hybrid performance.

Pete Blackshaw was so excited about getting a hybrid gasoline-electric car that he had his wife videotape the trip to the Honda dealership to pick up his Civic Hybrid. The enthusiastic owner ordered a customized license plate with "MO MILES" on it, and started a blog about his new hybrid lifestyle.

But after a few months of commuting to his job in Cincinnati, Blackshaw's hybrid euphoria vanished as his car's odometer revealed that the gas mileage he was hoping for was only a pipe dream. Honda's Civic Hybrid is rated by the EPA to get 47 miles per gallon in the city, and 48 mpg on the highway. After nearly 1,000 miles of mostly city driving, Blackshaw was getting 31.4 mpg.

..

Automaker test-drives notion for 'mild' hybrids (Published: September 20, 2005, By Reuters, on news.cnet.com): Describes a plan by DaimlerChrysler and some other automakers to provide "mild" hybrids. They're described as being cheaper than "full" hybrids and hence ought to come more quickly to market.

Web Sites

http://priusonline.com/ - An independant Prius owners club.

http://www.fueleconomy.gov/ - Government information site about fuel economy.

Effectiveness and Impact of Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) Standards (2002): Transportation Research Board (TRB) http://books.nap.edu/books/0309076013/html/

http://www.hybridcars.com/ -

http://www.allpar.com/model/intrepid-esx3.html - A report on an experimental vehicle by Dodge (now Daimler-Chrysler) named the ESX-3.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hybrid_car -

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diesel-electric_locomotive -

GreenHybrid (http://greenhybrid.com/), the information source for hybrid electric vehicles.

PriusChat.com - your #1 online source for Toyota Prius & Hybrid Automotive news, information, & discussion.